What is the primary purpose of establishing a minimum number of water closets in dwellings?

The primary purpose of establishing a minimum number of water closets, or toilets, in dwellings is to ensure sanitary conditions. This requirement is rooted in the need for adequate sanitation facilities to maintain public health and hygiene standards within residential buildings. Providing a sufficient number of water closets helps prevent unsanitary conditions that could lead to health issues, such as the spread of diseases caused by improper waste disposal.

The minimum requirement is determined based on factors like the size of the dwelling and the number of occupants, ensuring that all residents have access to necessary sanitation facilities. By mandating a minimum number of water closets, building codes aim to safeguard the health and welfare of inhabitants and promote a clean living environment.

In contrast, while aspects such as design, energy efficiency, and building costs may be relevant considerations in the planning and construction of buildings, they do not directly address the critical health and sanitation needs that a minimum number of water closets fulfills.